As of 2025, the Indian-American population in the US has grown to more than 5.4 million, making them the second-largest Asian-American group. This number includes both immigrants from India and people of Indian descent born in the US, showing how much the community has grown in recent years.
Let’s take a look at the latest demographic statistics of Indian Americans.
About 5.4 million Indian Americans live in the United States at present. They make up around 1.6% of the total US population.
The Indian American population has grown by 174% since 2000. In about 25 years, it has increased from 1.8 million to over 5 million.
Indian Americans are the second-largest Asian group in the country. They account for 21% of all Asian Americans, only behind Chinese Americans, who make up about 23%
About 78% of Indian Americans have a bachelor’s degree or higher, and 40% have postgraduate degrees. This makes them one of the most educated groups in the country.
About 76% of Indian Americans aged 16 and older are working or looking for work, which is higher than the national average of 66%.
Many, roughly 71%, have jobs in management, business, science or other professional fields, such as doctors, software developers, engineers and professors.
Indian American households have a median income of about $151,200 as of 2023. This is the highest among all ethnic groups in the US and higher than the overall Asian median income of $105,600.
About half (48%) live in the following four states:
The median age is 38 years – 22% are under 18, and 13% are 65 or older
Indian Americans practice a mix of religions:
Major Indian festivals like Diwali, Holi and Navratri are now celebrated in American cities and schools.
According to the 2024 Indian American Attitudes Survey, about 64% of Indian Americans say they have one home state in India, while 12% feel connected to more than one state.
The states most commonly mentioned as “home” are:
These numbers show that Indian Americans come from many parts of India.
The table below shows how the Indian American population has grown over the past few decades.
| Year | Population | Growth | Average Yearly Increase |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 1.8 million | Baseline | - |
| 2010 | 2.8 million | 55.60% | 1,00,000 |
| 2019 | 4.5 million | 60.70% | 1,89,000 |
| 2023 | 5.2 million | 15.60% | 1,75,000 |
| 2025 | 5.4 million (estimated) | 3.80% | 1,00,000 |
| Total Growth from 2000 to 2025 | 3.6 million | 200% | 1,44,000 people per year |
The breakdown below shows how Indian Americans are distributed across these major states:
| State | Population | Percentage of Total Population | Percentage of the State’s Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| California | 1,080,000 | 20% | 2.70% |
| Texas | 648,000 | 12% | 2.20% |
| New Jersey | 486,000 | 9% | 5.30% |
| New York | 378,000 | 7% | 1.90% |
| Illinois | 324,000 | 6% | 2.60% |
| Georgia | 216,000 | 4% | 2.00% |
| Washington | 189,000 | 3.50% | 2.40% |
| Pennsylvania | 162,000 | 3% | 1.30% |
| Virginia | 162,000 | 3% | 1.90% |
| Florida | 135,000 | 2.50% | 0.60% |
The following table provides an overview of Indian Americans in the US by citizenship and immigration status in 2025.
| Status Category | Share of Population | Estimated Population | Key Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| Naturalised U.S. Citizens | 55% | 29,70,000 | Can vote and participate in civic life. |
| Non-Citizens / Residents | 34% | 18,36,000 | Includes green card holders and those on temporary visas. |
| Born in the U.S. | 11% | 5,94,000 | Second-generation Indian Americans with automatic citizenship |
| Recent Immigrants (2010 onward) | 38% | 20,52,000 | New immigrants, many working toward citizenship |
| Long-Term Immigrants (pre-2000) | 18% | 9,72,000 | Established immigrants, most are already citizens |
| Green Card Holders (Permanent Residents) | 25% | 13,50,000 | Eligible to apply for citizenship |
| Temporary Visa Residents | 9% | 4,86,000 | H-1B, L-1 and student visa holders |
The table below shows the education levels and the number of Indian American students in the US:
| Category | Data | Insights and Trends |
|---|---|---|
| Indian International Students | 2,68,000 (2024) | Represent 13.5% of all international students in the US |
| Undergraduate Students | 98,000 | Increase in undergraduate enrolment across US colleges. |
| Graduate Students | 1,42,000 | Mostly enrolled in STEM and research programs. |
| Optional Practical Training (OPT) | 1,05,000 | High participation in post-graduation work programs. |
| Indian Americans in Ivy League Universities | 15-18% | Well represented at top universities. |
| National Merit Scholars | 22% | Shows steady academic excellence among Indian American students. |
The table below shows the share of Indian Americans in various healthcare and STEM professions across the U.S. workforce:
| Profession | Share in the US Workforce |
|---|---|
| Physicians | About 92,000 or 22% of all U.S. doctors |
| Surgeons | Around 18% of all U.S. surgeons |
| Engineers | About 15% of all engineers nationwide |
| Software Developers | Around 16% of all U.S. developers |
| Scientists and Researchers | About 12% of all PhD-level researchers |
| Pharmacists | Around 10% of all pharmacists in the U.S. |
| IT Managers and Architects | Roughly 25% of all IT management roles |
| Computer Science Faculty | Around 14% of CS professors in U.S. universities |
In India, almost every state has its own language. Hence, language is another way to see where Indian Americans come from.
Most people said Hindi is the main language spoken at home, followed by Gujarati. About 14% said their parents speak Gujarati, showing that many Indian Americans have roots in Gujarat. Telugu was the only other Indian language spoken by more than 10% of families.
Here is an overview of Indian Americans by religion and demographics:
A total of 74% say religion is very important or somewhat important to them
The Indian American community is one of the fastest-growing and most successful immigrant groups in the US. They have strong education, earn high incomes and their second-generation population is growing. Overall, the Indian American community’s impact in the US is growing and likely to continue rising.
Source: theworlddata.com
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